How Many Miles To Montgomery Alabama

Upper-case letter city of Alabama, Usa

State capital urban center in Alabama, Usa

Montgomery, Alabama
State uppercase city
City of Montgomery
Images elevation, left to right: Alabama State Capitol, Dexter Avenue Baptist Church, Frank M. Johnson Jr. Federal Building and United States Courthouse, Get-go White House of the Confederacy
Flag Seal
Nickname(s): "The Gump", "Birthplace of the Civil Rights Movement", "Cradle of the Confederacy"
Motto: "Majuscule of Dreams"[1]
Location within Montgomery County
Montgomery Location inside Alabama Evidence map of Alabama Montgomery Location inside the United States Show map of the United states of america
Coordinates: 32°21′42″N 86°16′45″West  /  32.36167°N 86.27917°W  / 32.36167; -86.27917 Coordinates: 32°21′42″N 86°xvi′45″W  /  32.36167°Due north 86.27917°W  / 32.36167; -86.27917
Country	United States
State	Alabama
Canton	Montgomery
Incorporated	December 3, 1819[2]
Named for	Richard Montgomery
Government
• Blazon	Mayor–Quango
• Mayor	Steven Reed (D)
• Council	Montgomery City Quango
Area [iii]
• State upper-case letter city	162.27 sq mi (420.28 km2)
• State	159.86 sq mi (414.03 kmtwo)
• Water	2.41 sq mi (6.25 km2)
Elevation	240 ft (73 m)
Population (2020)
• Land upper-case letter city	200,603
• Rank	119th in the United States 2nd in Alabama
• Density	one,254.89/sq mi (484.52/kmii)
• Metro [4]	386,047 (142nd)
Time zone	UTC−six (CST)
• Summertime (DST)	UTC−five (CDT)
ZIP Codes	36013, 36043, 36064, 36104, 36105, 36106, 36107, 36108, 36109, 36110, 36111, 36112, 36113, 36115, 36116, 36117
Area code	334
FIPS code	01-51000
GNIS feature ID	165344
Website	montgomeryal.gov

Montgomery is the capital metropolis of the U.Southward. state of Alabama and the county seat of Montgomery County.^[5] Named for the Irish soldier Richard Montgomery, it stands beside the Alabama River, on the coastal Plain of the Gulf of Mexico. In the 2020 demography, Montgomery's population was 200,603.^[6] Information technology is the second most populous urban center in Alabama, afterwards Huntsville, and is the 119th near populous in the United States. The Montgomery Metropolitan Statistical Area's population in 2020 was 386,047;^[four] it is the fourth largest in the state and 142nd among United States metropolitan areas.^[seven]

The city was incorporated in 1819 as a merger of two towns situated forth the Alabama River. It became the state capital in 1846, representing the shift of power to the south-primal surface area of Alabama with the growth of cotton as a commodity crop of the Black Belt and the rising of Mobile as a mercantile port on the Gulf Coast. In February 1861, Montgomery was chosen the first capital of the Confederate States of America, which information technology remained until the Confederate seat of government moved to Richmond, Virginia, in May of that yr. In the middle of the 20th century, Montgomery was a major eye of events and protests in the Civil Rights Movement,^[8] including the Montgomery bus cold-shoulder and the Selma to Montgomery marches.

In addition to housing many Alabama authorities agencies, Montgomery has a big military machine presence, due to Maxwell Air Force Base; public universities Alabama Country University, Troy University (Montgomery campus), and Auburn University at Montgomery; two private postal service-secondary institutions, Faulkner University and Huntingdon College; loftier-tech manufacturing, including Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama;^[9] and many cultural attractions, such as the Alabama Shakespeare Festival and the Montgomery Museum of Fine Arts.

Two ships of the United States Navy have been named after the urban center, including USSMontgomery.^[ten]

Montgomery has as well been recognized nationally for its downtown revitalization and new urbanism projects. Information technology was one of the first cities in the nation to implement SmartCode Zoning.^[11]

History [edit]

Prior to European colonization, the e bank of the Alabama River was inhabited by the Alibamu tribe of Native Americans. The Alibamu and the Coushatta, who lived on the w side of the river, were descended from the Mississippian civilization. This civilisation had numerous chiefdoms throughout the Midwest and South forth the Mississippi and its tributaries, and had congenital massive earthwork mounds as part of their club about 950–1250 AD. Its largest location was at Cahokia, in present-solar day Illinois east of St. Louis.

The celebrated tribes spoke mutually intelligible Muskogean languages, which were closely related. Present-day Montgomery is built on the site of two Alibamu towns: Ikanatchati (Ekanchattee or Ecunchatty or Econachatee), meaning "red earth;" and Towassa, congenital on a bluff called Chunnaanaauga Communicative. ^[12] The first Europeans to travel through central Alabama were Hernando de Soto and his expedition, who in 1540 recorded going through Ikanatchati and camping ground for one week in Towassa.

The adjacent recorded European encounter occurred more than than a century later, when an English expedition from Carolina went down the Alabama River in 1697. The outset permanent European settler in the Montgomery expanse was James McQueen, a Scots trader who settled there in 1716.^[13] He married a high-status woman in the Coushatta or Alabama tribe. Their mixed-race children were considered Muskogean, as both tribes had a matrilineal system of belongings and descent. The children were always considered born into their mother's clan, and gained their status from her people.

In 1785, Abraham Mordecai, a state of war veteran from a Sephardic Jewish family of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, established a trading mail service.^[fourteen] The Coushatta and Alabama had gradually moved south and west in the tidal evidently. Afterwards the French were defeated by the British in 1763 in the 7 Years' War and ceded control of their lands, these Native American peoples moved to parts of nowadays-day Mississippi, Louisiana, and Texas, so areas of Castilian rule, which they idea more than favorable than British-held areas. By the time Mordecai arrived, Creek had migrated into and settled in the area, equally they were moving abroad from Cherokee and Iroquois warfare to the north. Mordecai married a Creek woman. When her people had to cede most of their lands after the 1813-fourteen Creek War, she joined them in removal to Indian Territory. Mordecai brought the start cotton gin to Alabama.^[fourteen]

View of the Capitol, an engraving published in 1857

The Upper Creek were able to discourage most white immigration until after the determination of the Creek War. Post-obit their defeat by General Andrew Jackson in August 1814, the Creek tribes were forced to sacrifice 23 meg acres to the U.s.a., including remaining land in today's Georgia and virtually of today's cardinal and southern Alabama. In 1816, the Mississippi Territory (1798–1817) organized Montgomery County. Its former Creek lands were sold off the next year at the federal land role in Milledgeville, Georgia.

The first group of white settlers to come to the Montgomery area was headed by General John Scott. This group founded Alabama Town about 2 miles (3 km) downstream on the Alabama River from present-day downtown Montgomery. In June 1818, county courts were moved from Fort Jackson to Alabama Town. Alabama was admitted to the Union in December 1819.

Soon after, Andrew Dexter Jr. founded New Philadelphia, the present-day eastern role of downtown. He envisioned a prominent futurity for his town; he set up aside a hilltop known as "Goat Hill" as the future site of the country capitol building. New Philadelphia before long prospered, and Scott and his associates congenital a new town adjacent, calling it East Alabama Town. Originally rivals, the towns merged on December three, 1819, and were incorporated equally the boondocks of Montgomery.^{[2] [15]}

1887 bird's centre analogy of Montgomery

The name Montgomery came from Richard Montgomery, a Revolutionary War full general.

Slave traders used the Alabama River to deliver slaves to planters as laborers to work the cotton. Buoyed past the revenues of the cotton merchandise at a fourth dimension of high market demand, the newly united Montgomery grew chop-chop. In 1822, the city was designated as the canton seat. A new courthouse was built at the present location of Courtroom Square, at the foot of Market Street (now Dexter Avenue).^[sixteen] Court Square had i of the largest slave markets in the Due south. The country capital letter was moved from Tuscaloosa to Montgomery, on January 28, 1846.^[17]

Every bit land capital, Montgomery began to influence land politics, and it would also play a prominent role on the national stage. Beginning February 4, 1861, representatives from Alabama, Georgia, Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, and South Carolina met in Montgomery, host of the Southern Convention,^[xviii] to form the Confederate States of America. Montgomery was named the first capital of the nation, and Jefferson Davis was inaugurated every bit president on the steps of the State Capitol. (The capital was later moved to Richmond, Virginia.)

On April 12, 1865, following the Battle of Selma, Major Full general James H. Wilson captured Montgomery for the Union.^[19]

Cotton wool being brought to market, Montgomery, c. 1900

In 1886 Montgomery became the first city in the United States to install citywide electric streetcars along a system that was nicknamed the Lightning Route. Residents followed the streetcar lines to settle in new housing in what were so "suburban" locations.

Equally the Reconstruction era ended, mayor W. L. Moses asked the state legislature to gerrymander city boundaries. It complied and removed the districts where African Americans lived, restoring white supremacy to the city'south demographics and electorate. This prevented African Americans from being elected in the municipality and denied them city services. ^[xx]

In the post-World War Ii era, returning African-American veterans were amid those who became active in pushing to regain their civil rights in the Southward: to be allowed to vote and participate in politics, to freely use public places, to end segregation. Co-ordinate to the historian David Beito of the University of Alabama, African Americans in Montgomery "nurtured the modern ceremonious rights movement."^[8] African Americans comprised almost of the customers on the city buses, but were forced to give up seats and even stand in order to make room for whites. On December 1, 1955, Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to surrender her autobus seat to a white human, sparking the Montgomery motorbus boycott. Martin Luther King Jr., and then the pastor of Dexter Avenue Baptist Church building, and E.D. Nixon, a local civil rights advocate, founded the Montgomery Improvement Association to organize the boycott. In June 1956, the US District Court Gauge Frank M. Johnson ruled that Montgomery'southward double-decker racial segregation was unconstitutional. After the U.s. Supreme Court upheld the ruling in November, the city desegregated the bus organization, and the boycott was concluded.^[21]

In separate action, integrated teams of Freedom Riders rode Southward on interstate buses. In violation of federal law and the constitution, bus companies had for decades acceded to state laws and required passengers to occupy segregated seating in Southern states. Opponents of the push button for integration organized mob violence at stops along the Liberty Ride. In Montgomery, at that place was police collaboration when a white mob attacked Freedom Riders at the Greyhound Bus Station in May 1961.^[22] Outraged national reaction resulted in the enforcement of desegregation of interstate public transportation.

Martin Luther King Jr. returned to Montgomery in 1965. Local civil rights leaders in Selma had been protesting Jim Crow laws and practices that raised barriers to blacks registering to vote. Following the shooting of a man later a civil rights rally, the leaders decided to march to Montgomery to petition Governor George Wallace to allow free voter registration. The violence they encountered from county and throughway police force outraged the country. The federal government ordered National Guard and troops to protect the marchers. Thousands more joined the marchers on the style to Montgomery, and an estimated 25,000 marchers entered the uppercase to press for voting rights. These actions contributed to Congressional passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965, to qualify federal supervision and enforcement of the rights of African Americans and other minorities to vote.

On February 7, 1967, a devastating fire broke out at Dale'southward Penthouse, a restaurant and lounge on the height floor of the Walter Bragg Smith apartment building (now called Capital Towers) at 7 Clayton Street downtown. Twenty-6 people died.^[23]

In contempo years, Montgomery has grown and diversified its economy. Active in downtown revitalization, the city adopted a master plan in 2007; it includes the revitalization of Court Foursquare and the riverfront, renewing the urban center's connectedness to the river.^[24] Many other projects under construction include the revitalization of Historic Dexter Avenue, pedestrian and infrastructure improvements along the Selma to Montgomery National Historic Trail, and the structure of a new environmental park on West Fairview Avenue.

Geography [edit]

Montgomery is located at 32°21′42″Due north 86°16′45″West  /  32.36167°N 86.27917°W  / 32.36167; -86.27917 .^[25] According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the city has a total expanse of 156.2 foursquare miles (405 kmⁱⁱ), of which 155.4 foursquare miles (402 kmⁱⁱ) is land and 0.viii foursquare miles (two.1 km²) (0.52%) is water. The city is built over rolling terrain at an meridian of most 220 feet (67 one thousand) above sea level.^[26]

Cityscape [edit]

Downtown Montgomery lies along the southern bank of the Alabama River, about half dozen miles (10 km) downstream from the confluence of the Coosa and Tallapoosa rivers. The almost prominent characteristic of Montgomery's skyline is the 375 ft (114 k), RSA Tower, built in 1996 by the Retirement Systems of Alabama.^[27] Other prominent buildings include 60 Commerce Street, eight Commerce Street, and the RSA Dexter Avenue Edifice. Downtown also contains many state and local government buildings, including the Alabama Land Capitol. The Capitol is located atop a hill at one end of Dexter Avenue, along which also lies the Dexter Avenue Baptist Church building, where Martin Luther King Jr. was pastor. Both the Capitol and Dexter Baptist Church are recognized as National Celebrated Landmarks past the U.South. Section of the Interior.^[28] Other notable buildings include RSA Dexter Avenue, RSA Headquarters, Alabama Centre for Commerce, RSA Union, and the Renaissance Hotel and Spa.^[29]

One block southward of the Capitol is the First White Firm of the Confederacy, the 1835 Italianate-style house in which President Jefferson Davis and family unit lived while the Confederate upper-case letter was in Montgomery. Montgomery's 3rd National Historic Landmark is Matrimony Station. Passenger train service to Montgomery ceased in 1989. Today Marriage Station is part of the Riverfront Park evolution, which includes an amphitheater, a riverboat dock,^[30] a river walk, and Riverwalk Stadium.^[31]

3 blocks east of the Convention Center, Sometime Alabama Town showcases more fifty restored buildings from the 19th century. The Riverwalk is part of a larger plan to revitalize the downtown area and connect information technology to the waterfront. The plan includes urban forestry, infill evolution, and façade renovation to encourage business and residential growth.^[24] A 112,000-square-human foot (10,400 grand^two) The Convention Center, completed in 2007, has encouraged growth and activity in the downtown area, and attracted more loftier-end retail and restaurants.^[32]

Other downtown developments include celebrated Dexter Artery, which will be the center of a Market District. A $half-dozen million streetscape project is improving its design.^[33] Maxwell Boulevard is home to the newly built Wright Brothers Park. Loftier-end apartments are planned for this area. The Bong Building, located across from the Rosa Parks Library and Museum, is being redeveloped for mixed-apply retail and residential space.^[34]

The National Memorial for Peace and Justice opened in downtown Montgomery on Apr 26, 2018. Founded past the Equal Justice Initiative, information technology acknowledges the historic past of racial terrorism and lynching in America.^[35]

South of downtown, across Interstate 85, lies Alabama State University. ASU'due south campus was built in Colonial Revival architectural style from 1906 until the beginning of World War Two.^{[36] [37]} Surrounding ASU are the Garden District and Cloverdale Historic Commune. Houses in these areas date from around 1875 until 1949, and are in Tardily Victorian and Gothic Revival styles.^[37] Huntingdon Higher is on the southwestern edge of Cloverdale. The campus was built in the 1900s in Tudor Revival and Gothic Revival styles.^[38] ASU, the Garden District, Cloverdale, and Huntingdon are all listed on the National Register of Historic Places as historic districts.^[37]

Montgomery's east side is the fastest-growing function of the urban center.^[39] Development of the Dalraida neighborhood, along Atlanta Highway, began in 1909, when developers Cook and Laurie bought land from the Ware plantation. A Scotsman, Georgie Laurie named the surface area for Dál Riata, a sixth-7th century Gaelic overkingdom; a subsequent misspelling in an advertising led to the electric current spelling. The beginning lots were sold in 1914.^[40] The city's two largest shopping malls (Eastdale Mall and The Shoppes at Eastchase),^{[41] [42]} besides as many big-box stores and residential developments, are on the east side.

The expanse is also home of the Wynton M. Blount Cultural Park. This 240-acre (1.0 km^two) park contains the Alabama Shakespeare Festival and Montgomery Museum of Fine Arts.^[43]

Revitalization [edit]

Montgomery has been recognized nationally for its continuing downtown revitalization. In the early 2000s, the city constructed the Montgomery Biscuits minor league baseball stadium and Riverfront Park. Following those developments, hundreds of millions of dollars have been invested by private companies that accept adapted old warehouses and part buildings into loft apartments, restaurants, retail, hotels, and businesses. The demand for downtown living space has risen, as people desire to have walkable, lively neighborhoods. More than 500 apartment units are nether construction, including The Heights on Maxwell Boulevard, The Marketplace District on Dexter Avenue, the Kress Building on Dexter Avenue, The Bong Building on Montgomery Street, and a new complex by the convention eye.

Climate [edit]

Montgomery has a boiling subtropical climate (Köppen Cfa), with short, mild winters, warm springs and autumns, and long, hot, humid summers. The daily average temperature in January is 46.six °F (viii.i °C), and at that place are three.4 days of sub 20 °F (−vii °C) lows; 10 °F (−12 °C) and below is extremely rare. The daily average in July is 81.8 °F (27.seven °C), with highs exceeding ninety °F (32.2 °C) on 86 days per yr and 100 °F (37.8 °C) on 3.ix. Summertime afternoon heat indices, much more often than the bodily air temperature, are frequently at or above 100 °F.^[44] The diurnal temperature variation tends to exist big in bound and autumn. Rainfall is well-distributed throughout the year, though February, March and July are the wettest months, while Oct is significantly the driest month. Snowfall occurs only during some winters, and fifty-fifty then is ordinarily low-cal. Substantial snowstorms are rare, but do occur approximately in one case every 10 years. Extremes range from −5 °F (−21 °C) on February xiii, 1899^[45] to 107 °F (42 °C) on July 7, 1881.^[46]

Thunderstorms bring much of Montgomery's rainfall. These are common during the summer months but occur throughout the year. Severe thunderstorms – producing large hail and dissentious winds in addition to the usual hazards of lightning and heavy rain – can occasionally occur, especially during the bound. Severe storms also bring a risk of tornadoes. Sometimes, tropical disturbances – some of which strike the Gulf Coast equally hurricanes before losing intensity as they move inland – can bring very heavy rains.

Climate information for Montgomery, Alabama (1991–2020 normals,[a] extremes 1872–present)
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	December	Year
Record high °F (°C)	83 (28)	86 (thirty)	90 (32)	94 (34)	99 (37)	106 (41)	107 (42)	106 (41)	106 (41)	102 (39)	91 (33)	85 (29)	107 (42)
Hateful maximum °F (°C)	76 (24)	79 (26)	85 (29)	87 (31)	93 (34)	97 (36)	98 (37)	99 (37)	96 (36)	ninety (32)	83 (28)	78 (26)	100 (38)
Boilerplate high °F (°C)	59.8 (xv.4)	64.7 (18.2)	71.9 (22.2)	78.8 (26.0)	86.0 (30.0)	91.v (33.1)	93.7 (34.three)	93.6 (34.2)	89.3 (31.8)	fourscore.2 (26.eight)	69.8 (21.0)	61.9 (16.6)	78.4 (25.eight)
Daily mean °F (°C)	48.1 (8.ix)	52.half dozen (xi.four)	59.ii (15.ane)	65.7 (18.7)	73.6 (23.1)	80.2 (26.8)	82.ix (28.three)	82.five (28.1)	77.8 (25.4)	67.4 (19.7)	56.vi (thirteen.7)	50.2 (10.1)	66.4 (19.one)
Average depression °F (°C)	36.5 (2.v)	40.four (4.7)	46.five (8.one)	52.six (11.4)	61.3 (xvi.3)	69.0 (20.6)	72.1 (22.three)	71.4 (21.ix)	66.3 (nineteen.1)	54.5 (12.5)	43.3 (6.3)	38.half-dozen (3.seven)	54.four (12.four)
Mean minimum °F (°C)	19 (−seven)	24 (−four)	29 (−2)	37 (3)	47 (eight)	sixty (16)	67 (xix)	64 (18)	53 (12)	37 (3)	27 (−3)	23 (−v)	17 (−8)
Record low °F (°C)	0 (−eighteen)	−5 (−21)	17 (−8)	28 (−ii)	forty (4)	48 (nine)	59 (15)	56 (13)	39 (four)	26 (−3)	13 (−11)	5 (−15)	−5 (−21)
Average atmospheric precipitation inches (mm)	4.64 (118)	4.88 (124)	v.21 (132)	3.99 (101)	iii.88 (99)	4.08 (104)	v.06 (129)	iv.02 (102)	3.69 (94)	2.87 (73)	iii.85 (98)	4.99 (127)	51.16 (i,299)
Average snow inches (cm)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.3 (0.76)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.0 (0.0)	0.1 (0.25)	0.4 (1.0)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in)	10.four	9.v	ix.one	7.7	8.i	10.3	eleven.vii	9.7	6.5	6.4	vii.0	x.2	106.half dozen
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in)	0.1	0.0	0.one	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.4
Average relative humidity (%)	69.8	66.5	66.0	66.eight	70.6	71.7	75.7	76.0	73.9	71.1	71.7	70.ix	70.9
Average dew point °F (°C)	34.ix (1.half-dozen)	36.9 (two.vii)	44.2 (6.eight)	52.0 (11.ane)	60.4 (15.eight)	66.nine (19.iv)	70.7 (21.5)	seventy.3 (21.3)	65.one (18.4)	53.iv (11.nine)	45.5 (7.five)	38.5 (3.half dozen)	53.2 (11.8)
Hateful monthly sunshine hours	153.i	166.0	219.4	250.8	267.4	261.8	262.1	251.ix	226.4	228.3	171.4	153.1	2,611.7
Percent possible sunshine	48	54	59	64	62	61	60	61	61	65	54	49	59
Source: NOAA (snow 1981–2010, relative humidity and sun 1961−1990)[47] [48] [49] [l] [51]

Demographics [edit]

Historical population
Census	Pop.		%±
1830	695		—
1840	2,179		213.v%
1850	4,728		117.0%
1860	eight,843		87.0%
1870	10,588		nineteen.7%
1880	16,713		57.8%
1890	21,883		30.9%
1900	xxx,346		38.7%
1910	38,136		25.7%
1920	43,464		14.0%
1930	66,079		52.0%
1940	78,084		xviii.two%
1950	106,525		36.4%
1960	134,393		26.2%
1970	133,386		−0.vii%
1980	177,857		33.3%
1990	187,106		5.two%
2000	201,568		7.7%
2010	205,764		2.i%
2020	200,603		−2.v%
U.S. Decennial Census[52] 2010–2020[6]

Map of racial distribution in Montgomery, 2010 U.S. Demography. Each dot is 25 people: ⬤  White

⬤  Black

⬤  Asian

⬤  Hispanic

⬤  Other

2020 demography [edit]

Montgomery racial composition^[53]

Race	Num.	Perc.
White (non-Hispanic)	57,071	28.45%
Black or African American (non-Hispanic)	120,349	59.99%
Native American	322	0.xvi%
Asian	7,171	three.57%
Pacific Islander	105	0.05%
Other/Mixed	5,916	2.95%
Hispanic or Latino	nine,669	4.82%

Every bit of the 2020 United States census, there were 200,603 people, 78,225 households, and 45,031 families residing in the city.

2010 census [edit]

Equally of the 2010 census, the population of the metropolis was 205,764.^[54] In that location were 81,486 households, out of which 29% had children nether the historic period of 18 living with them. The racial makeup of the city was 37.3% White, 56.six% Black, 2.2% Asian, 0.two% Native American, 0.one% Pacific Islander, two.2% from other races, and 1.iii% from two or more races. iii.9% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.^[55] Not-Hispanic Whites were 36.i% of the population in 2010,^[55] down from 66% in 1970.^[56] The population density varies in dissimilar parts of the city; East Montgomery (Taylor Rd and East), the not-Hispanic White population is 74.5%, 8.3% African American, Latino three.2%, other non-white races acquit 2.seven% of the population.

The city population was spread out, with 24.9% under the age of eighteen, xi.7% from eighteen to 24, 27.three% from 25 to 44, 24.2% from 45 to 64, and 11.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median historic period was 34 years. For every 100 females, in that location were 88.six males. For every 100 females age eighteen and over, there were 84.5 males. The median income for a household in the city was $41,380, and the median income for a family was $53,125. Males had a median income of $40,255 versus $33,552 for females. The per capita income for the city was $23,139. Near 18.2% of families and 21.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 34.8% of those nether age eighteen and 8.4% of those age 65 or over.

Economy [edit]

Montgomery's fundamental location in Alabama'south Black Belt has long made it a processing hub for article crops such every bit cotton, peanuts, and soybeans. In 1840 Montgomery Canton led the state in cotton wool product,^[57] and by 1911, the urban center candy 160,000–200,000 bales of cotton wool annually.^[58] Montgomery has besides had big metal fabrication and lumber product sectors.^[58]

Due to its location along the Alabama River and extensive rail connections, Montgomery has been and continues to exist a regional distribution hub for a wide range of industries. Since the late 20th century, it has diversified its economy, achieving increased employment in sectors such every bit healthcare, business, government, and manufacturing. Today, the city'southward Gross Metropolitan Product is $12.15 billion, representing 8.seven% of the gross state product of Alabama.^[59]

Co-ordinate to Bureau of Labor Statistics data from October 2008, the largest sectors of non-agricultural employment were: Authorities, 24.3%; Trade, Transportation, and Utilities, 17.iii% (including 11.0% in retail merchandise); Professional and Business organization Services, xi.9%; Manufacturing, 10.9%; Educational activity and Wellness Services, 10.0% (including viii.5% in Wellness Care & Social Assistance); Leisure and Hospitality, 9.2%; Financial Activities, 6.0%, Natural Resources, Mining and Construction, 5.1%; Data, 1.iv%; and Other services 4.0%. Unemployment for the same menses was 5.vii%, 2.5% higher than October 2007.^[threescore] The city likewise draws in workers from the surrounding expanse; Montgomery'due south daytime population rises 17.4% to 239,101.

As of January 2011, Montgomery's largest employers were Maxwell-Gunter Air Force Base of operations (12,280 employees), the state of Alabama (9,500), Montgomery Public Schools (four,524), Baptist Wellness (four,300), Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama (3,000), Alfa Insurance (2,568), the City of Montgomery (2,500), Jackson Hospital & Dispensary (1,300), Rheem Water Heaters (1,147), and Regions (977).^[61]

Co-ordinate to Pennsylvania State University's Living Wage Calculator, the living wage for the urban center is US$eight.02 per hour (or $sixteen,691 per year) for an individual and $25.80 per hr ($53,662 per year) for a family of four.^[62] These are slightly higher than the state averages of $7.45 per hour for an private and $25.36 for a family unit of 4.^[63]

Health intendance [edit]

Montgomery serves every bit a hub for healthcare in the central Alabama and Black Belt region. Hospitals located in the city include Baptist Medical Middle Due south on South East Boulevard, Baptist Medical Center East adjacent to the campus of Auburn Academy Montgomery on Taylor Road, and Jackson Hospital, which is located next to Oak Park off interstate 85. Montgomery is also home to two medical school campuses: Baptist Medical Center South (run by Academy of Alabama at Birmingham) and Jackson Hospital (run by Alabama Medical Didactics Consortium).

Law and government [edit]

Montgomery operates under a Mayor–council government system. The mayor and council members are elected to four-year terms. The current mayor is Steven Reed,^[64] who was elected every bit the metropolis'southward outset African-American mayor in a runoff ballot which was held on October 8, 2019.^[65] The city is served by a nine-member metropolis council, elected from 9 unmarried-member districts of equal size population.

As the seat of Montgomery County, the urban center is the location of county courts and the canton committee, elected separately. Montgomery is the majuscule of Alabama, and hosts numerous land government offices, including the office of the Governor, the Alabama Legislature, and the Alabama Supreme Court.

At the federal level, Montgomery is office of Alabama'south 2d, 7th, and 3rd Congressional district, currently represented past Barry Moore, Terri Sewell, and Mike Rogers, respectively. The 7th represents most of Western Montgomery, the 2d Southern and Northern Montgomery, and the 3rd Eastern Montgomery.

Crime [edit]

Montgomery
Crime rates* (2018)
Violent crimes
Homicide	29
Rape	39
Robbery	391
Aggravated assault	757
Total fierce crime	i,216
Property crimes
Burglary	2,052
Larceny-theft	five,456
Motor vehicle theft	972
Total property crime	viii,480
Notes *Number of reported crimes per 100,000 population. 2018 population: 198,662 Source: 2018 FBI UCR Data

Montgomery's trigger-happy offense rates compare unfavorably to other big cities in the state. In 2009, Montgomery's crime rates were favorable compared to other large Alabamian cities such as Huntsville, Mobile, and Birmingham. Notwithstanding, crime rose in the 2010s and early on 2020s, leading to a record high of over 320 shooting victims and over 77 homicide victims in 2021.^{[66] [67]} In 2022 Montgomery'due south violent crime charge per unit was 514 per 100,000, earning only a crime score rating of nine/100.^[68] For property crimes, Montgomery's average is similar to Alabama's other large cities, but higher than the overall state and national averages.^{[69] [70]}

Recreation [edit]

Montgomery has more than one,600 acres of parkland, which are maintained and operated by the City of Montgomery Parks and Recreation Department. The section likewise operates 24 customs centers, a skate park, two golf courses (Lagoon Park and Gateway Park), Cramton Basin Stadium and Multiplex, two tennis centers (Lagoon Park and O'Conner), 65 playgrounds, 90 baseball/softball fields, 24 soccer fields including the Emory Folmar Soccer Facility, and one riverboat.^[71] An environmental park is under construction forth Due west Fairview Artery close to Interstate 65.^{[ citation needed ]}

Culture [edit]

Montgomery has one of the biggest arts scenes of whatsoever mid-sized city in America. The Winton Chiliad. Blount Cultural Park (named for Winton M. Blount) in east Montgomery is home to the Montgomery Museum of Fine Arts. The museum's permanent collections include American fine art and sculpture, Southern art, master prints from European masters, and collections of porcelain and glass works.^[72] The Society of Arts and crafts operates a co-op gallery for local artists.^[73]

Montgomery Zoo holds more than 500 animals, from v continents, in 40 acres (0.16 km²) of bulwark-costless habitats.^[74] The Hank Williams Museum contains one of the largest collections of Williams memorabilia in the world.^[75] The Museum of Alabama serves equally the official state history museum and is located in the Alabama Department of Athenaeum and History building downtown.^[76] This museum was renovated and expanded in 2013 in a $10 million project that includes technological upgrades and many new exhibits and displays. The W. A. Gayle Planetarium, operated by Troy University, is one of the largest in the southeast United States and offers tours of the night sky and shows nigh current topics in astronomy. The planetarium was upgraded to a full-dome digital projector in 2014.^[77]

Blount Park too contains the Alabama Shakespeare Festival's Carolyn Blount Theatre. The Shakespeare Festival presents year-round performances of both archetype plays and performances of local involvement, in addition to works of William Shakespeare.^[78] The 1200-seat Davis Theatre for the Performing Arts, on the Troy University at Montgomery campus, opened in 1930 and was renovated in 1983. It houses the Montgomery Symphony Orchestra, Alabama Dance Theatre and Montgomery Ballet, also every bit other theatrical productions.^[79] The Symphony has been performing in Montgomery since 1979.^[80] The Capri Theatre in Cloverdale was built in 1941, and today shows contained films.^[81] The 1800-seat state-of-the-art Montgomery Performing Arts Center opened inside the newly renovated convention center downtown in 2007. It hosts a range of performances, from Broadway plays to concerts, and performers such as BB Rex, Gregg Allman, and Merle Haggard.

Numerous musical performers have roots in Montgomery: Toni Tennille of the duo The Captain and Tennille, jazz singer and pianist Nat Male monarch Cole, state singer Hank Williams,^[82] blues vocalist Big Mama Thornton, Melvin Franklin of The Temptations, and guitarist Tommy Shaw of Styx.^[83]

Author and artist Zelda Sayre was born in Montgomery. In 1918, she met F. Scott Fitzgerald, and then a immature soldier stationed at an Regular army mail service nearby. The house where they lived when showtime married is today operated every bit the F. Scott and Zelda Fitzgerald Museum.^{[84] [85]} Poet Sidney Lanier lived in Montgomery and Prattville immediately later the Civil State of war, while writing his novel Tiger Lilies. ^[86]

In addition to those notable earlier musicians, some of the rock bands from Montgomery accept achieved national success since the late 20th century. Locals artists Trust Company were signed to Geffen Records in 2002. Hot Rod Circuit formed in Montgomery in 1997 under the name Antidote, merely achieved success with Vagrant Records after moving to Connecticut.

Sports [edit]

Montgomery is home of the Montgomery Biscuits baseball team. The Biscuits play in the Course AA Southern League. They are affiliated with the Tampa Bay Rays, and play at Montgomery Riverwalk Stadium.^[87] Riverwalk Stadium hosted the NCAA Sectionalization II National Baseball Championship from 2004 until 2007. The title had previously been played at Paterson Field in Montgomery from 1985 until 2003.^[88] Riverwalk Stadium has also been host to ii Southern League All-Star games in 2006 and 2015.

The Yokohama Tire LPGA Classic women's golf event is held at the Robert Trent Jones Golf Trail at Capitol Hill in nearby Prattville.^[89] Garrett Coliseum was the home of the now-defunct Montgomery Bears indoor football squad.

Montgomery is too the site of sporting events hosted by the area'southward colleges and universities. The Alabama State Academy Hornets play in NCAA Sectionalisation I competition in the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC). The football team plays at Hornet Stadium, the basketball teams play at the Dunn-Oliver Acadome, and the baseball team plays at the ASU Baseball Circuitous, which recently opened on March 26, 2010. Auburn University at Montgomery likewise fields teams in NAIA competition. Huntingdon College participates at the NCAA Division 3 level and Faulkner University is a member of the NAIA and is a nearby rival of Auburn University at Montgomery. The Blue–Greyness Football Archetype was an annual college football all-star game held from 1938 until 2001.^[90] In 2009, the city played host to the first annual Historical Black College and Academy (HBCU) All-Star Football Basin played at Cramton Bowl. First in 2014 Montgomery will be host to the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Conference football game title; this will take place in Cramton Bowl. Starting in December 2014, Montgomery will host the Camellia Bowl at the Cramton Basin as role of the annual college football bowl game schedule.^[91] Montgomery annually hosts the Max Capital Urban center Classic inside Riverwalk Stadium which is a baseball game between large rivals Auburn University and The University of Alabama.

Several successful professional person athletes hail from Montgomery, including Pro Football Hall of Famer Bart Starr^[92] and two-time Olympic gold medalist in track and field Alonzo Babers.^[93]

The urban center was host to the 2015 Globe Firewoman Combat Claiming. It aired on ESPN in Oct of that year.

In 2016 Montgomery was also the host city to the National Horseshoe Pitchers Association World Horseshoe Tournament.

Civic organizations [edit]

Montgomery has many active governmental and nonprofit civic organizations. City funded organizations include the Montgomery Clean City Committee (a Proceed America Cute Affiliate) which works to promote cleanliness and environmental sensation. BONDS (Building Our Neighborhoods for Development and Success) which works to engage citizens almost city/nonprofit programs, coordinates/assists neighborhood associations, and works to promote neighborhood and civic pride amongst Montgomery residents.

A number of organizations are focused on diverseness relations and the city's rich ceremonious rights history. Leadership Montgomery provides citizenship training. Bridge Builders Alabama works with high school youth to promote diversity and civic date. The group One Montgomery was founded in 1983 and is a forum for networking of a diverse grouping of citizens active in civic affairs. Montgomery is also home to The Legacy Museum, Civil Rights Memorial, The National Memorial for Peace and Justice, Freedom Rides Museum, the National Center for the Study of Ceremonious Rights and African-American Civilisation, and the Rosa Parks Library and Museum.^[94]

Pedagogy [edit]

Auburn University at Montgomery

Nigh of the city of Montgomery and Montgomery County are served past the Montgomery Public Schools system.^[95] Equally of 2007, there were 32,520 students enrolled in the system, and 2,382 teachers employed. The organization manages 32 unproblematic schools, ten middle schools, and v high schools besides equally nine magnet schools, 1 alternative school, and ii special pedagogy centers.^[96] Montgomery is one of the but cities in Alabama to host three public schools with International Baccalaureate programs. In 2007, Forest Artery Bookish Magnet Elementary Schoolhouse and in 2015, Bear Exploration Heart were named a National Blueish Ribbon Schoolhouse.^[97] In 2022, LAMP High School was named the No. 7 magnet schoolhouse in the United States and No. one public high school in the land of Alabama on U.S. News & World Report 's list.^[98] Three other Montgomery Public Schools high schools were also on the list, the virtually of whatever public school organization in the state (BTW Magnet, Brewbaker Technology Magnet, and George Washington Carver High School).

Maxwell Air Strength Base is zoned to Department of Defence Didactics Activity (DoDEA) schools for grades K-eight.^[95] The DoDEA operates Maxwell Air Strength Base Elementary/Centre School.^[99] For high school Maxwell AFB residents are zoned to Montgomery Public Schools facilities: residents of the main base are zoned to Carver High, while residents of the Gunner Annex are zoned to Robert Due east. Lee Loftier School. Residents may attend magnet schools.^[100]

Montgomery is also home to 28 private schools.^[101]

The Montgomery City-County Public Library operates eleven public libraries in locations throughout the metropolis and canton.

The city is home to Alabama's oldest law library, the Supreme Courtroom and Country Law Library, founded in 1828. Located in the Heflin-Torbert Judicial Building, the Law Library owns a rare volume collection containing works printed as early every bit 1605.

Montgomery has been the home of Alabama State University, a historically black university, since the Lincoln Normal Academy for Teachers relocated from Marion in 1887. Today, ASU is the 2d largest HBCU in Alabama enrolling nearly 5,000 students from 42 U.S. states and 7 countries.^[102] The public Troy University maintains a three,000 educatee population campus in downtown Montgomery that houses the Rosa Parks Library and Museum. Another public institution, Auburn University at Montgomery, with an enrollment of nearly v,000 overwhelmingly from the Montgomery expanse, is in the eastern office of the metropolis.^[103] Montgomery's Baptist Medical Center South also hosts a branch of the Academy of Alabama Birmingham medical school on its campus on the Eastern Boulevard.

Montgomery also is abode to several private colleges: Faulkner University, which has an enrollment of 3,500, is a Church of Christ-affiliated school which is home to the Thomas Goode Jones Schoolhouse of Law.^[104] Huntingdon Higher, which has a current student population of i,000 and is affiliated with the United Methodist Church;^[105] Virginia Higher and Amridge University.

Several 2-year colleges take campuses in Montgomery, including H. Councill Trenholm State Technical College^[106]

Maxwell Air Force Base of operations is the headquarters for Air Academy, the United States Air Forcefulness'due south heart for professional person military instruction. Branches of Air University based in Montgomery include the Squadron Officeholder School, the Air Command and Staff Higher, the Air War Higher, and the Community College of the Air Forcefulness.^[107]

Media [edit]

The morning paper, the Montgomery Advertiser, began publication every bit The Planter'due south Gazette in 1829. It is the principal newspaper of central Alabama and is affiliated with the Gannett Corporation. In 1970, and then publisher Harold E. Martin won the Pulitzer Prize for special reporting while at the Advertiser. The Alabama Periodical was a local afternoon paper from 1899 until April xvi, 1993, when information technology published its last issue before merging with the morning Advertiser.

Montgomery is served past vii local goggle box stations: WNCF 32 (ABC), WSFA 12 (NBC), WCOV 20 (Fox), WBMM 22 (CW), WAIQ 26 (PBS), WMCF-TV 45 (TBN), WFRZ-LD 33 (Religious and Educational). In addition, WAKA eight (CBS), licensed to Selma but operating out of Montgomery, and WBIH 29 (independent) located in Selma, and WIYC 67 (AMV) is licensed to Troy. Montgomery is part of the Montgomery-Selma Designated Market Expanse (DMA), which is ranked 118th nationally by Nielsen Media Enquiry.^[108] Charter Communications and Knology provide cable television service. DirecTV and Dish Network provide straight broadcast satellite television including both local and national channels to area residents.

The Montgomery area is served by eight AM radio stations: WMSP, WMGY, WZKD, WTBF, WGMP, WAPZ, WLWI, and WXVI; and nineteen FM stations: WJSP, WAPR, WELL, WLBF, WTSU, WVAS, WLWI, WXFX, WQKS, WWMG, WVRV, WJWZ, WBAM, WALX, WHHY, WMXS, WHLW, WZHT, and WMRK. Montgomery is ranked 150th largest by Arbitron.^[109]

NOAA Weather condition Radio station KIH55 broadcasts weather and hazard information for Montgomery and vicinity.

Transportation [edit]

Two interstate highways run through Montgomery. Interstate 65 is the primary n–south throughway through the city leading between Birmingham and Huntsville to the due north and Mobile to the southward. Montgomery is the southern terminus of Interstate 85, some other due north–south freeway (though running east–due west in the metropolis), which leads northeast to Atlanta and Charlotte. The major surface street thoroughfare is a loop consisting of State Route 152 in the north, U.S. Highway 231 and U.Southward. Highway fourscore in the east, U.S. Highway 82 in the south, and U.S. Highway 31 forth the w of the city. The Alabama Section of Transportation is planning the Outer Montgomery Loop to ease traffic congestion in the city. It is planned to connect Interstate 85 virtually Mt. Meigs to U.S. Highway fourscore southwest of the urban center.^[110] Upon completion of the loop, information technology will carry the I-85 designation while the original I-85 into the urban center center volition exist redesignated I-685.

Montgomery Area Transit Organisation (The One thousand) provides public transportation with buses serving the city. The system has 32 buses providing an average of 4500 rider trips daily.^[111] The Chiliad's ridership has shown steady growth since the organisation was revamped in 2000; the system served over 1 million rider trips in 2007.^[112] Greyhound Lines operates a terminal in Montgomery for intercity motorbus travel; Megabus (N America) also operates in the urban center out of the downtown Intermodal Transit Facility.^[113]

Montgomery Regional Airport, also known every bit Dannelly Field, is the major airport serving Montgomery. Information technology serves primarily equally an Air National Guard base and for general aviation, but commercial airlines fly to regional connections to Atlanta, Dallas–Fort Worth and Charlotte.^[114]

Passenger rail service to Montgomery was enhanced in 1898 with the opening of Union Station. Service connected until 1979, when Amtrak terminated its Floridian route.^[115] Amtrak returned from 1989 until 1995 with the Gulf Breeze, an extension of the Crescent line.^[116]

According to the 2016 American Community Survey, 84.3% of working city of Montgomery residents commuted by driving alone, 8.8% carpooled, 0.iv% used public transportation, and 0.6% walked. About iii.5% used all other forms of transportation, including taxicab, motorcycle, and bike. About five.nine% of working city of Montgomery residents worked at home.^[117] Despite the loftier level of commuting by automobile, 8.5% of city of Montgomery households were without a car in 2015, which increased to 11% in 2016. The national average was 8.7 percent in 2016. Montgomery averaged 1.62 cars per household in 2016, compared to a national average of 1.8 per household.^[118]

Notable people [edit]

Sis city [edit]

Montgomery has 1 sis metropolis:

• Pietrasanta, Lucca, Tuscany, Italian republic^{[119] [120]}

Notes [edit]

1. ^ Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire calendar month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.

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115. ^ "Floridian". Archived from the original on June 21, 2008. Retrieved June 28, 2008.
116. ^ "Gulf Breeze". Archived from the original on February 21, 2008. Retrieved June 28, 2008.
117. ^ "Ways of Transportation to Work by Age". Census Reporter. Archived from the original on May 20, 2018. Retrieved May xviii, 2018.
118. ^ "Car Ownership in U.S. Cities Information and Map". Governing. December 9, 2014. Archived from the original on May xi, 2018. Retrieved May 18, 2018.
119. ^ "Montgomery, "Sister City" celebration starting Wed", Montgomery Advertiser, Apr 26, 2009, archived from the original on June 28, 2014, retrieved May 2, 2009
120. ^ Montgomery at present has a sister metropolis, April 29, 2009, archived from the original on March seven, 2014, retrieved July 23, 2012

References [edit]

• Burton, Gary P., "The Founding Four Churches: An Overview of Baptist Beginnings in Montgomery County, Alabama", Baptist History and Heritage (Spring 2012), 47#1 pp 39–51.
• L. P. Powell (editor), in Historic Towns of the Southern States, (New York, 1900)
• Jeffry C. Benton (editor) A Sense of Place, Montgomery's Architectural History ( )
• Uriah J, Fields. "The Montgomery Improvement Association." www.MIK-kpp01.stanford.edu. Web. January 17, 2013
• "Our Mission" Archived September 24, 2016, at the Wayback Machine . Jan 17, 2013
• Dunn M. John. "The Montgomery Motorcoach Boycott." The Ceremonious Correct Motion. 1998. Book. January 18, 2013
  • Hare, Ken. "Overview." Montgomery Advertiser. . 2012. Spider web. January 17, 2013
• "Browder V. Gayle." Core. world wide web.Core-online.org/history/browdervgayle.htm. Web. January 21, 2013
• Burns, Stewart. "Montgomery Bus Boycott." Encyclopedia of Alabama. world wide web.Encyclopediaofalabama.org. June, 9. 2008. Web. 21, Jan. 2013
• "Montgomery Improvement Association." American History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. Jan 16, 2013

External links [edit]

• Official website
• Montgomery article in the Encyclopedia of Alabama
• "Montgomery". New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
• "Montgomery (Alabama)". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. xviii (11th ed.). 1911. p. 784.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Montgomery,_Alabama

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